After discovering the different sizes of infinity, Cantor worked on establishing how to compare which one is bigger symbolically. He came up with the definition of “less than or equal to”
If A and B are sets, then we say A<=B if there exists a one-to-one correspondence from all the points of A to a subset of the points of B
A strict inequality is defined as: A<B if A<=B, but there is no one to one correspondence between A and B.
Establishing these inequalities led to the theorem:
If A<=B and A>=B, Then A=B
Cantors proved many things in his life time, but there is one theorem that is named after him. Cantors theorem proves that for any set A, then the cardinality of A is less than the cardinality of the power set of A. This proved that there was a train of even bigger transfinite numbers than c. If this process is then repeated continuously, then there are an infinite about of bigger and bigger transfinite number sets.
Cantor was influenced religiously in his work, and he was familiar with the theology of many different religions. He had many critics, among them was Kronecker who was a prominent figure in German math at the time. Because of the criticism that he faced from his work, he was institutionalized. Some historians think that he may have been bipolar.
Cantor and Van Gogh has very similar lives. They both worked with the abstract, both suffered with mental instability, and both contributed a lot to their fields of work.
Math4010 
The connection between Van Gogh and Cantor was very interesting. It relates back to the beginning of Chapter 11 where the author was explaining the path that both art and math took around the same time period. Both transitioned from a real aspect to a more abstract nature.
They were also very much alike in the fact that they had mental health issues, were compulsive in their work, revolutionaries in their respective a fields. The book even said they kind of looked alike.